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Adaptive testing is a test administration process in which test items are selected dynamically from a bank (collection) of test items. The items are selected based on the examinee's ability estimate (responses to previously administered items). For example, an examinee who succeeds with a given item will be presented next with an item of greater difficulty. An examinee who does not do well with the given item would next receive an item of lower difficulty. After each response (correct or incorrect), the test revises a stored estimate of the examinee's ability. Many revisions allow the estimate to become more reliable. |
Older testing procedures, such as paper-and-pencil tests are typically "fixed-item" tests in which all of the examinees are given the same items within a test. The tests offer little information about an examinee's ability level due to the set difficulty or ease of the fixed items. Computerized adaptive tests allow an examinee's ability level to be estimated and new items can be selected based on the current ability estimate. Relatively few items are needed to be administered to maximize the information about their ability levels from the item responses. This leads to better and more accurate testing results. |
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